Piecewise Aggregate Approximation

Time series with a high sampling rate can be very noisy. In order to reduce noise, a technique called Piecewise Aggregate Approximation was invented, consisting in taking the mean over back-to-back points. This decreases the number of points and reduces noise while preserving the trend of the time series. This example illustrates the transformation. It is implemented as pyts.approximation.PiecewiseAggregateApproximation.

# Author: Johann Faouzi <johann.faouzi@gmail.com>
# License: BSD-3-Clause

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

from pyts.approximation import PiecewiseAggregateApproximation

# Parameters
n_samples, n_timestamps = 100, 48

# Toy dataset
rng = np.random.RandomState(41)
X = rng.randn(n_samples, n_timestamps)

# PAA transformation
window_size = 6
paa = PiecewiseAggregateApproximation(window_size=window_size)
X_paa = paa.transform(X)

# Show the results for the first time series
plt.figure(figsize=(6, 4))
plt.plot(X[0], 'o--', ms=4, label='Original')
plt.plot(
    np.arange(window_size // 2, n_timestamps + window_size // 2, window_size),
    X_paa[0],
    'o--',
    ms=4,
    label='PAA',
)
plt.vlines(
    np.arange(0, n_timestamps, window_size) - 0.5,
    X[0].min(),
    X[0].max(),
    color='g',
    linestyles='--',
    linewidth=0.5,
)
plt.legend(loc='best', fontsize=10)
plt.xlabel('Time', fontsize=12)
plt.title('Piecewise Aggregate Approximation', fontsize=16)
plt.show()